Biography of Aristotle Essays -- biography biographies

Aristotle was a Greek philosopher and scientist who lived from 384-322 B.C who was born in Stagira, Macedonia. His father played a major role in society as a physician in the royal court. Young Aristotle took a liking to Plato and decided to go to his academy at the age of seventeen. For the next twenty years, Aristotle remained there first as a student then as a teacher. After the death of Plato, Aristotle moved to Assos in the Asia Minor where he tutored his friend Hermias who was the ruler there and decided to marry his niece. After his death he then tutored Alexander the Great at the capital of Macedonia known as Pella. Later in his life, Aristotle decided to move back to Athens, Greece to open up his own school known as Lyceum. â€Å"Upon the death of Alexander in 323 B.C., strong anti-Macedonian feeling developed in Athens, and Aristotle retired to a family estate in Euboea (Évvoia). He died there the following year† (Brumbaugh, Robert S.). Before he had died, the A thenians charged Aristotle, like Socrates, with impiety that means a lack of reverence to the gods. He remembered the fate that Socrates once had where he was condemned to death. â€Å"He fled to the city of Chalcis so the Athenians would not, as he said, "sin twice against philosophy† (Soll, Ivan). Aristotle has written many works in his lifetime and has had many ideas. One of his many ideas was his idea of freedom. He had many opinions on the way one should live their life. â€Å"Aristotle argued that the goal of human beings is happiness and that we achieve happiness when we fulfill our function† (Soll, Ivan). What Aristotle means by this is that you have to figure out what makes you happy in life and do whatever it takes for one to reach that ultimate goal of happiness. In order to do this, we must figure out what our function is. â€Å"Thus, according to Aristotle, a happy life for human beings is a life governed by reason† (Soll, Ivan). A book that Aristotle wrote in 350 B.C. was called Nicomachean Ethics Book III that deals with his idea of freedom. The purpose of this book is to express his beliefs of the importance of human actions and how those actions could shape up their lives. What he also does is emphasis the difference between voluntary and involuntary actions. Involuntary actions are those that are presented in ignorance or under pressure. An act is under pressure only when i... ...s situation worse if the coach decided to punish the whole team by making them run extra and then his teammates would be disappointed with him. What people must do is realize that the choices they make in life will not only benefit themselves, but will affect those around him/her. One must be as responsible as they can possibly be in order to obtain total happiness, which is their ultimate goal in life according to Aristotle. I agree with Aristotle in his way of thinking because I feel one must make the right decision in life and be responsible with those decisions that they make. Aristotle learned a lot back in this time period when education was very hard to find and this is why he is considered one of the most famous and respected people in Greek history. Works Cited Aristotle. Nicomachean Ethics Book III. Editorial. Classics of Philosophy. Louis P. Pojman. 304. Oxford University Press, Inc. 1998. 198 Madison Avenue, New York, New York 10016. Brumbaugh, Robert S. â€Å"Aristotle," Microsoft ® Encarta ® Online Encyclopedia 2003. http://encarta.msn.com  © 1997-2003 Microsoft Corporation. Soll, Ivan. "Aristotle," World Book Online Americas Edition,

Strategic Decision-Making

â€Å"Rational decision-making is an impossible ideal in strategy formulation and implementation due to incomplete information and organisational politics. † Strategy is formulated and implemented by organisations as a means of gaining competitive advantage and achieving organisational success. Frequent fast, widely supported, and high quality strategic decisions are the cornerstone of effective strategy (Eisenhardt, 1999 in Clegg et. Al, 2012). In today's world of borderless business, ever-evolving technology and rapid change, can these decisions be made rationally?Currently there are three main decision-making paradigms in the literature – rational decision-making, political decision-making and the garbage can model. Each paradigm frames the decision-making process differently and each will be discussed in turn in this essay. It will then be concluded that while rational decision-making is possible, it is only boundedly so due to incomplete information confounded by t he limitations of human cognition, particularly in the fast-paced business world of today.Furthermore, while people can be individually rational, collectively this is not the case (Eisenhardt ; Zbaracki, 1992) – as organisations are political systems, politics and power are often central to decision-making in the formulation and implementation of strategy. Rational decision-making Model According to the rational decision making model, clear goals and objectives are first identified and listed in order of importance. All the alternative courses of action associated with each objective are then identified and the consequences of each action are established.Consequences are assessed against the values and objectives pursued, with the course of action that best maximises these values being the one that is chosen. This logical step-by-step approach suggests that the outcome will be maximised. It also assumes the decision maker has complete knowledge of not only all possible altern atives, but also their consequences. For strategists who subscribe to this model of decision making, the organisation is seen as a rational bureaucracy where strategic planning is conducted by top management and organisational structure follows.This prescriptive view of decision-making has scientific principles at its core as decision makers are thought to be accurate and objective. Research, however, has shown that the decision-making process used by managers is not as straightforward or linear in nature. In fact, the assumptions underpinning the theory of omniscient rationality, while ‘strikingly simple and beautiful' (Simon, 1978), are fundamentally flawed. Although such an approach to strategy formulation may appear ideal in theory, it cannot be practised except for with relatively simple problems (Linblom, 1959).Limits of the cognitive capacity of humans, and on available information set definite limits on a manager's ability to be fully rational. In addition to this, oth er members of the organisation may disagree with the decision makers choice leading to power plays and politics. Whilst strategic decisions then, fall short of omniscience, they are not necessarily irrational. Rather, they are, and can only ever be, a bounded rationality. Cognitive biases of managers limit the applicability of the rational decision-making approach (Santos & Garcia, 2006).The organisational situation is framed by the decision makers who perceive an approximate model of the circumstances, choosing from a limited list of subjective alternatives. Some choices are given weight and others are relegated to the background, thus large segments of reality are out of focus (Feehan, 2013). Simon (1956) recognising the limits of comprehensive rationality, posited the concept of ‘satisficing', that members will choose the first alternative that is deemed to adequately meet the organisation's objectives rather than taking the time to survey all possible alternatives and find ing the optimal choice.This satisficing alternative will meet the minimal satisfactory requirements. Linblom's ‘Muddling Through' theory (1959) was one of the first to recognise the role of politics in strategic decision-making. Linblom refers to the comprehensive rational model mentioned above, as a ‘root' approach to decision-making where the process begins with the fundamentals, always starting from the ground up. This means-end analysis requires that values are clarified in advance of examining alternatives. He posits a ‘branch method' of incremental comparisons as a more suitable method for complex problems.Here, the decision-making process begins in the current situation, building out with incremental changes. Lindblom argues that the organisation and individuals may hold conflicting values which only become clear after the fact. A good outcome is therefore, not the optimal one but one that is agreed upon by all players. These theories highlight both the limi ts of rationality and the importance of context in strategic decision-making. Unlike many other decisions, strategic decisions are made in an organisational context where the reaction of the players affects the outcome.This view of organisations not as rational optimisers but ‘satisficers' resonates with the author's experiences. Having owned my own business I understand due to time constraints, working memory limits and finite funding levels, it is not possible to make decisions in a perfectly rational fashion. There will always be alternatives you (the organisation) had not considered, preferences you have that may be conflicting, and choices that cannot be made due to disagreements among stakeholders.This is not to say that the strategic decisions cannot be rational – they can but only boundedly so. It is important, in my view, to approach these significant and complex decisions in a systematic manner when possible. However in a dynamic world, where business is borde rless and technology is advancing at an ever increasing rate, I would question the utility of this approach. Context is key. Political decision-making model The political model of decision-making presents a compelling case against the possibility of perfect rationality in strategy formation and implementation.In fact, according to Clegg (2012, p. 267) the biggest enemy of rationality is the power and politics that are inscribed in every organisational decision. The division of an organisation into separate departments, encourages political activity between them as they compete for scarce resources (Pettigrew, 1973). Coalitions are formed around a perceived affinity of interests, with the ultimate aim being to accrue enough power to influence the decision-making process. It is out of this struggle for power that decisions emerge.Strategic decisions are particularly likely to stimulate political actions because they are complex, significant, and subject to uncertainty. There may be mu ch to gain/lose for each of the players from both a material and reputational point of view (Child, Elbanna ; Rodrigues, 2010). Take for example, an organisation such as a hospital. It is pluralistic in nature, often experiencing conflict between departments, staff subcultures and rifts between administrative staff and departments.Imagine as part of a cost containment strategy, it is decided after rational analysis, that the optimal alternative is to reduce wage costs by 20%. The highly paid consultants and lower paid floor staff will be pitted against each other, each protecting their own self-interests. The cost cutting strategy may have to be adapted in order to appease the players. As this example conveys, it is out of differences in self-interests that conflict rises (Eisenhardt ; Zbaracki, 1992). Research has consistently found organisational decision-making to be political in nature.A study of nine international corporations found that they were political systems comprised of a myriad of coalitions and groups (Quinn,1980 in Child et. al 2010). Pettigrew (1972) observed a scenario where established computer analysts conflicted with a newer team of analysts over which IT system their company should invest in. A member of the established coalition of analysts acted as gatekeeper, using his role to control the flow of information to top management whilst communicating negatively about his opponents ideas at the same time.This resulted in management deciding to take his advice. Another often cited example of the political decision-making model the Cuban Missile Crisis (Clegg et al 2011; Child et al 2010). Garbage Can Model The garbage can model of decision making offers an alternative insight into strategic decision-making in organisations. Here, the organisation is described as a loose collection of already-made solutions, waiting for new decision opportunities to be applied. Contrary to the assumptions of the rational model, decision making in these organi sed anarchies is not an orderly, linear process.The ambiguity is due to the radical instability of three premises – preferences, technology (know-how, techniques ; equipment) and participation. Decision-making occurs when the right problem arises and the right people are receptive to it's solution. These variables are coupled temporally, by chance, rather than consequentially by rational calculation (Rainey, Ronquillo & Avellaneda, 2010). The garbage can model differs from the rational and political models as it conveys the role of chance in the decision-making process.Decisions are not arrived at through boundedly rational analysis, nor are they negotiated by the interactions of coalitions. Instead, they are the random result of the convergence of problems and solutions at a particular point in time. This is not to say that this model is intended to replace rational decision-making, rather it's purpose is to supplement it (Rainey et. al 2010). Not all decision making situati ons are organised chaos, neither are they all rational. Many organisations in the public sector serve as examples of the garbage can model of decision-making.Many policy-making decisions for example, are imprecise and vague in nature with no defined goals attached. Participants in the public sector decision making process are prone to change – board members, consultants and even governmental parties are likely to change during the course of the decision-making process. Rational decision-making then, is problematic for making the predictions about the future preferences and consequences when formulating strategy. The human cognitive system will simply not allow us to consider all possible alternative solutions to any given problem.This assertion highlights the importance of brainstorming and group work in order to generate possible alternatives that we, ourselves, may not have thought of. Even taking this into account however, it is doubtful that an exhaustive list of all even tualities would be arrived at. Groupthink and politics are also likely to factor into the equation. Furthermore, even if rational decision-making were possible, it may not be even be the ideal. It does not allow for the input of emotional intelligence and ethical considerations which are often required in the decision-making process.How then can the business of today ensure they are making adequate decisions when formulating and implementing strategy? Organisational learning has been posited as an alternative view to organisations as decision-makers. Organisations are seen as learning by encoding inferences from experiences which are then used to direct behaviour (Levitt ; March, 1988). Organisations adapt to changes in the environment, storing data in it's repository to be drawn on later. References Clegg, S. , Carter, C. , Kornberger, M. amp; Schweitzer, J. (2011) Strategy: Theory & Practice. London : Sage. Child, J. Elbanna, S. & Rodrigues, S. . (2010). The Political Aspects of S trategic Decision Making. In: Nutt, P. C. & Wilson, D. C. Handbook of Decision Making. Sussex: Wiley. 105-138. Eisenhardt, K. M. & Zbaracki, M. J. (1992). Strategic Decision-making. Strategic Management Journal 13, pp. 17-37. Feehan, M. (2013) Organisation & Strategy Slides. IPA Moodle. Accessed on 21/01/2013. Levitt, B. & March, J.G. (1988). Organizational Learning Annual Review of Sociology. 14, pp. 319-340 Linblom, C. E. (1959). ‘The Science of Muddling Through. ‘ Public Administration Review 19 , 2. pp. 79-88. Pettigrew, A. M. (1973) The Politics of Organizational Decision Making. London: Tavistock Pettigrew, A. M. (1972) Information control as a power resource, Sociology, 6, 187–204. Santos, M.. V & Garcia, M. T. (2006) Managers’ opinions:reality or fiction. A narrative approach. Management Decision 44, 6. pp 752-770.

Mandatory Aids Testing - 2012 Words

Mandatory AIDS Testing AIDS has become a worldwide epidemic that has struck every identifiable group. However, persons who are considered to be in a high-risk group of contracting HIV, the disease believed to cause AIDS, are still stigmatized by the media and other professionals as being diseased and abnormal. It is quite surprising still that this type of stereotype still exists now in our gender-bending society. No longer do only gays, prostitutes, bisexual men, intravenous drug users contract HIV, the heterosexual community is also facing the epidemic at phenomenon increases. It is estimated that heterosexual transmission accounts for 75% of all AIDS cases in the world.(Video, CBC In Review) And still individuals persist that AIDS†¦show more content†¦The consequences of public disclosure or even select disclosure are very damaging to a person who has just learned of his HIV positive status. Some of the negative consequences are alienation from community and family, loss of accommodation, denial of disability and life insurance, travel restrictions and also the prospect of blackmailing. (IPC, HIV/AIDS, p17) The notion that mandatory AIDS testing and its implications deter people from voluntary testing is evident from the possible discrimination that one might face undergoing the procedures of the policy. As of today, there is no mandatory AIDS testing programs being implemented for persons of high-risk groups. One cannot help but feel the society as a whole believes when one is dealing with an issue like AIDS, which is so sensitive and private, the rights and the comfort of the individuals stricken with this horrid disease should come first. As a result, anonymous testing has been made available to provide people with discretion and protection from discrimination. Although not many cities provide this sort of services, just the fact that it is available is a relief for those who suspect that they might be infected with HIV. This type of service encourages testing and is the right tool to help prevent HIV infection. Some of the question asked may b e very difficult or even impossible to answer, but a strong debate can be put up for both sides. Can Aids testing control the spread ofShow MoreRelatedMandatory Prenatal HIV Testing Essay901 Words   |  4 PagesMandatory Prenatal HIV Testing This particular journal researches prenatal HIV testing as it relates to vertical transmission. Randomized controlled studies involving HIV- positive pregnant women at various stages of pregnancy were monitored and evaluated in an effort to find conclusive reasoning for prenatal testing. Women of different income levels, educational and ethnic backgrounds were involved in these studies. The AIDS Clinical Trials Group Study 076 as well as following randomizedRead MoreMandatory Drug Testing Should Be Banned1365 Words   |  6 PagesIntroduction Mandatory drug testing has been and ongoing controversial issue over the most recent years. Mandatory drug testing has been subjected to students, athletes, and employees all over the country. However a lot of speculation has been made whether or not welfare recipients in particular should be subjected to mandatory drug testing. According to Besonen, programs such as welfare were created in the 1930s to temporarily aid struggling Americans to help get them back up on their feet. (BesonenRead MoreEssay on Prevention Of Hiv Transmittance To Babies1145 Words   |  5 Pagesdeficiency virus (HIV) by two thirds. Although, this year, it is the basis for new federal recommendations that all pregnant women should receive HIV testing and counseling. But, these findings have been cause of protests by several activist groups. Activists fear that conservative legislators and policy makers will use the clinical data to justify mandatory testing and treatment for pregnant women. During the latter part of February, the United States Public Health Services published guidelines for HIVRead MoreMandatory Blood Testing Act ( Mbta )1354 Words   |  6 Pagesto many diseases caused for a bill too be passed, that allows for mandatory blood tests to be acquired. It allows for security of health professionals for example to know if they are infected if they come into contact with a person who is positive for disease and allows for measures to be taken place so that others that they come into contact daily do not get infected as well. In 2006, bill 28 known as the Mandatory Blood-Testing Act (MBTA) was passed on December 7 allowing for police officialsRead MoreArgumentative Essay On Homelessness1674 Words   |  7 Pagesshould homeless people be alcohol and drug tested before getting any federal help? Scott Walker is a guy who stand out in the crowded field to strive individuals with tough life situation and to make life harder for poor people who need government aid such as homeless people. Scott stated that making people do a urine test or any type of test before getting food or government assistance is for their own good. He said to the Huffington Post, â€Å"we are trying to help people who are in need of our assistanceRead MoreEnding The Aid Of Substance Abusers1727 Words   |  7 PagesAmerica’s taxpayers. To prevent this money from being wasted by those that are undeserving of government assistance, I believe that anyone applying for or receiving welfare should be subjected to mandatory drug testing before they are given their welfare. If they choose not to participate in the testing, then they do not deserve to be given money, because it is obvious that they do not know how to use it wisely, responsibly or prudently. Grime 2 The welfare system of the United States is madeRead MoreE. Coli Paper884 Words   |  4 Pagesopposed industry wide mandatory testing, the USDA would not make it required by all meat suppliers. Even though they say the cost of this testing would be unfair to the smaller company’s I feel it should still be enforced even if it makes some of the smaller company’s go out of business, because this would make all the meat products sold safer to consume. Along the lines of testing with they’re not being any federal regulations, the meat company’s can create their own testing standards or if theyRead MoreThe Ethics Of Genetic Testing1294 Words   |  6 PagesGenetic testing is a relatively new and rapidly emerging field. Even though this science was seen as controversial, genetic testing has been going on for conditions such as phenylketonuria and sickle cell disease for years. The increase in genetic testing has resulted in the convergence of public health, morals and ethics. Many ethics related issues arise with genetic testing, as well of fear that insurance companies will not reimburse such services. Many moral and ethical obligations appear withRead MorePersuasive essay against animal testing764 Words   |  4 Pagesagainst Animal Testing Abraham Lincoln once said, â€Å"I am in favour of animal rights as well as human rights. That is the way of a whole human being.†Ã‚  I couldn’t agree more with this statement as I do not believe that animal testing is right and I am totally against it. One of the main reasons I am against animal testing is the fact that the animals don’t have a choice and are being forced to be tested, which can lead to them getting seriously ill or dying as a cause of the testing. Each year inRead MoreThe Health Management Information System1494 Words   |  6 Pagesseveral examples of mHealth being increasingly important, from a Portable Eye Examination Kit (PEEK) which diagnosed cataracts for an individual in remote areas, to Text to Change, an initiative in Uganda that counseled and tested individuals with HIV/AIDS, to Tiger Text and Tiger Text Pro, which provides HIPPA compliant text messaging between doctor to doctor, doctor-nurse, and doctor-hospital communications. While Tiger Text and Tiger Text Pro may be HIPPA compliant, some applications are required

The Death Of The Great Gatsby By F. Scott Fitzgerald

Evan moved his Pontiac swiftly and surreptitiously through the back roads as he made his return to Alex’s place. He wasn’t sure if Michael was still in the vicinity and he had no idea of just what he would do if he was. A shootout, he supposed was how it would play out, but if that would be the case; he thought it might be smart to stop off for reinforcements. He could rob one of the local gun stores. That would surely hit two birds with one stone, allowing him to arm himself to the teeth while simultaneously letting Michael know where to find him. Naw, won’t work, Evan thought. As soon as I set those alarms off, I’ll have not only Michael to deal with but at least a hundred troopers as well who will be looking for payback.†¦show more content†¦Ã¢â‚¬Å"Alex!† Evan answered. â€Å"E-Evan†¦?† she answered, sounding nervous—frightened. â€Å"Yeah, it’s me. Are you all right? Where are you?† â€Å"I’m aâ⠂¬ ¦ I’m out looking for my sister. You by any chance haven’t seen her tonight, have you, Evan?† â€Å"Yes, I have actually,† said Evan, â€Å"she’s fine, so is Liam, they’re with friends.† â€Å"Oh, I see†¦Ã¢â‚¬  answered Alex then she paused. â€Å"Look, Evan, something’s come up and I really need to see her so could you just tell me where I can find her?† â€Å"I really need to see you, Alex,† was the only thing Evan replied. â€Å"Tell me where you are and I’ll pick you up and take you to her.† [Another pause] â€Å"Okay†¦ alright, Evan. Why don’t you meet at Donuts n’ Cream? It’s a little donut and coffee shop at the edge of town.† â€Å"Yeah, kind of figured that out by the name, but I believe I know the place you’re talking about.† â€Å"Say, maybe fifteen minutes?† â€Å"Make it ten,† Evan insisted and then ended the call. Wit h utter determination, he then pushed down on the accelerator, and his Pontiac raced through the night. The place looked like a well-lit beacon in a storm of pure darkness, a lighthouse warning motorists that they could take sanctuary in deep-fried sugar and a hot cup of Joe if they were weary. Evan pulled up slowly. He could already see Alex inside hunkeredShow MoreRelatedThe Death Of The Great Gatsby By F. Scott Fitzgerald982 Words   |  4 PagesWhen he’s in his cell for the first night, stripped of his armour and with cuffs of steel on his legs and arms he sleeps only fitfully. There’s the blue, which has calmed him, but there’s always an edge, one that the blue can never satisfy. Blighted lyrium grows, it doesn’t dissipate like the ordinary stuff. Although a level of his paranoia is gone, and he can think more clearly, there’s a vein on his leg that has begun to swell. It itches and burns and he knows it’s just the start. He’d seenRead MoreThe Death Of A Great Gatsby By F. Scott Fitzgerald2541 Words   |  11 PagesI had seen him a lot drunker and still be able to function. â€Å"Hannah, It s about to get dark, but tomorrow is Saturday and I ain t got to work that I know of. So, first thing in the morning, I ll help y all look for him,† he said. â€Å"That’ll be great Tom, because we could sure use some help!† I exclaimed, ready to get on home to my kids. I knew that the boys and Leonard would be hungry, because it was getting past their suppertime. â€Å"You don’t reckon that Leonard would want to ride along with meRead MoreThe Death Of The Great Gatsby By F. Scott Fitzgerald874 Words   |  4 Pagesto come along with us down to the Boston Harbor.† â€Å"Yes of course Sir, but may I ask what is going on and why me?† â€Å"Well, I don’t believe or trust any of the others. I have seen you work diligently and you do so much for me. I think you would be of great help at this time.† â€Å"Then in that case, I would be glad to help.† I replied with a smile. â€Å"Samuel, would you briefly explain our strategy as we make our way down?† â€Å"Yes of course,† Samuel Adams replied. I was swept down to the Boston Harbor as SamuelRead MoreDeath and Funeral in the Great Gatsby by F. Scott Fitzgerald Essay1516 Words   |  7 Pagesof the novels final sentences, Nick unites Gatsbys effort with a general, if unspecified, national collective. Although to Nick, Gatsby seems at once completely unoriginal, extremely knowable, being with him, he notes, was like skimming hastily through a dozen magazines† (Fitzgerald 55). Gatsby, in Nick’s point of view, was disruptive. He is unable to trust Gatsby, for a fear that he would just vanish at the moment in which a promise leans toward its fulfillment. This process, according to WillRead MoreComparing The Death Of A Salesman And The Great Gatsby By F. Scott Fitzgerald1259 Words   |  6 Pagesand contrast After reading The Death of a Salesman by Arthur Miller and The Great Gatsby by F. Scott Fitzgerald, it is clear that there are associations that can be made between the two novels. There are many ways in which the life of Willy Loman compares or contrasts with the life of Jay Gatsby. The most obvious and simplest comparison is their pursuit of the American Dream which leads to their ultimate downfall. Although, Willy and Gatsby contrast in the way they pursue the AmericanRead MoreThe Death of Wealth for the American Dream in The Great Gatsby by F. Scott Fitzgerald 1934 Words   |  8 Pagesthat you may come across four or five times in life....It understood you just as far as you wanted to be understood, believed in you as you would like to believe in yourself. (pg. 53) The Death of Wealth for the American Dream F. Scott Fitzgerald is an author of the popular novel called the Great Gatsby. Fitzgerald was born in St. Paul Minnesota, 1898. Fitzgerald’s family moved around a lot and finally settled in St. Paul in 1908. There he went to school and published his first book at 11 years oldRead MoreMy Thoughts On The Death Of The Great Gatsby By F. Scott Fitzgerald860 Words   |  4 Pagesyesterday. I was 4, an infant at the time. Accustomed to skyscrapers that touched the skies, the breathtaking scent of gas, and the endless mountains that depicted our location as if it was below sea level. â€Å"This is where I belong,† I thought. Walking the Great Wall has transformed my day into a tiresome one. The aftereffect felt as if a flare was ignited within my thighs and the excruciating pain trickled from my thighs downward into my feet. My Respiratory System betrayed me and while in need for air, theRead MoreThe American Dream in Death of a Salesman by Arthur Miller, and The Great Gatsby by F. Scott Fitzgerald1096 Words   |  5 PagesThe American Dream in Death of a Salesman by Arthur Miller, and The Great Gatsby by F. Scott Fitzgerald In a majority of literature written in the 20th century, the theme of the American Dream has been a prevalent theme. This dream affects the plot and characters of many novels, and in some books, the intent of the author is to illustrate the reality of the American Dream. However, there is no one definition of the American Dream. Is it the right to pursue your hearts wish,Read MoreThe Great Gatsby By F. Scott Fitzgerald1286 Words   |  6 Pagesdevices are prominent in F. Scott Fitzgerald’s writing of The Great Gatsby. To begun, he makes use of many allusions to Arthurian legends, the philosopher Plato, Trimalchio, and Christ. Furthermore, to better understand the characters, he utilizes symbolism. In conclusion, throughout The Great Gatsby, F. Scott Fitzgerald incorporates subtle, yet flawless use of literary devices to aid in the development of characters and theme. First and foremost, F. Scott Fitzgerald utilizes the literaryRead MoreThe Great Gatsby - Reactions to Myrtle Wilsons Death721 Words   |  3 PagesReactions to Myrtle Wilsons Death in The Great Gatsby In the novel The Great Gatsby by F. Scott Fitzgerald Jay Gatsby is a passenger in the car which strikes Myrtle Wilson, which is driven by Daisy Buchanan. After the car hits Myrtle, Daisy continues to drive, but collapses on Gatsby, forcing him to drive. At the Buchanans house, Nick Carraway talks to Gatsby, who [speaks] as if Daisys reaction [is] the only thing that [matters] (136). Due to his incessant love for daisy, he only focuses towards

Research on the Logistics and Mechanisms of Attention

Attention is a mechanism directly involved in the selection, distribution and maintenance of processing resources, which determines our ability to process complex and multiple stimuli from our environment and is crucial to our success and survival. Given the large magnitude of visual information we encounter every day, the existence of a selective mechanism –at a conscious and unconscious level- that regulates what we pay attention to is indisputable; it has even been conceptualized as a supramodal mechanism that distributes cognitive resources according to task complexity and motivation (Salthouse , Rogan Prill , 1984). Initially conceived as a single spotlight alternating amongst foci (Tiffin, Knight Jackson, 1946), attention is now understood to be beneficial due to its capacity to divide. Nevertheless, there is a limit in scope and manner, so we are constantly promoting the priority processing of certain information in the presence of multiple stimuli (Rossellà ³, 199 9). Understanding the logistical constrains behind this prioritization and allocation of resources is thus important from a theoretical perspective (Vergauwe et al., 2010), but also due to its practical implications in various fields such as the military, sports, transportation, safety and education (Strayer Johnston, 2001; Gingerich Lineweaver, 2014). Generally, these constrains have been studied in two specific domains: space and time. Regarding space, visual search paradigms explore how stimulusShow MoreRelatedEssay On Automatic Detection Of Cyber-Recruitment By Violent Extremists1363 Words   |  6 Pagesobjective of this research is to present data and analytic methods for automatically identifying the recruitment activities of violent groups within extremist social media websites like face book, twitter, what sup and so on. There is no doubt that in today’s modern era the use of information and computer technology (internet) is rapidly increasing. Due to the unregulated nature of Internet Communication cyber communities become increasingly appealing to terrorist groups this research analysis that automaticRead MoreU.s. Federal Family Education Loan1657 Words   |  7 Pageslevel (22.4%) in the early 1990s, and dropped to its lowest level at 4.5% in 2003, then climbed up to 10% in 2011. The plight of American graduates still struggling to make repayments on their student loans have triggered a tremendous amount of attention from the press, and many worry whether this is heading to another crisis. Similar to the U.S. experience, China has also experienced ups and downs in student-loan default rates, and based on conventional wisdoms and previous experiences, the ChineseRead MoreMarketing Strategy in Logistics5796 Words   |  24 PagesINTERNATIONAL ECONOMICS AND BUSINESS MANAGEMENT COURSE WORK ON MARKETING STRATEGY IN LOGISTIC SECTOR Prepared by st. S.Druskinis, TVMu-07 Checked by lect. N. AmbruseviÄ  Vilnius 2008 Introduction MARKETING AND LOGISTIC INTERFACE The interface between logistics and marketing is critical to the delivery of customer service. PractitionersRead MoreA High Level View Management Structure1659 Words   |  7 Pagesdevelopment process this is a dual process. On one hand, DLA Troop Support will be responding to what the customer needs. If some new product comes up, then our Supply Chains will react. There are Industrial Specialists that will make the necessary research to make sure these services/products are procurable. However, I have not seen any proactive activity from our Supply Chains trying to develop new processes or identifying new products for our Armed Services. The operational mode is strictly reactionaryRead MoreEffectiveness Of Mechanisms : Eurobotics Aisbl Supports A Growing Network1084 Words   |  5 PagesEffectiveness of mechanisms EuRobotics AISBL supports a growing network. In 2014, euRobotics organized more than 500 events in 26 countries, with participants of 60,000 people. They established networking discussion groups according to different topics. (Value of network) Many member organizations of euRobotics are very competent. They created many high-level robots, which are being applied in health, safety, services and transportation. With the investment in more than 120 research projects,Read MoreHealth Care : Powerlessness And Compounding Jeopardy Essay1408 Words   |  6 Pagesfacility. Summary History of Patient care among older adult’s research Research throughout history of patient care can be defined in many ways. On a broader spectrum World Health Organization (WHO) defines patient care, â€Å"as a good health system delivers quality services to all people, when and where they need them. 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Business Resources Business Market Efficiency

Question: Describe about the Business Resources for Business Market Efficiency. Answer: Introduction ABM Resources is a company involved in mining in Australia. It is categorized in the mining sector of the ASX . ABM Resources has developed many sites and is working on others in the Northern part of Australia. The organization has more than thirty eight thousand kilometres squared which is licenced in this area. This confirms that the company has got a lot of potential and therefore its shares should be steadily rising(Barnes, 2009). It provides actualized a fresh out of the box new operating method outline that can incorporate the operations of the company in some new ranges : Gold sites are present in Americas whereby the organization plans to begin working together with the australian continent . In this paper we shall look into the obligations of a CFO and how the role may influence the growth of the company . The CFO of ABM Resources is a member of the management whose duty is to enhance the benefits put its stakeholders with a specific end goal to boost shareholder value . Tod ay it is critical that they have specialization in overseeing organization accounts . Organizations are real supporters to the monetary wellbeing of our economy , and are regularly delicate and helpless to disappointment because of the presence of poor administration , especially money related blunder . Subsequently the job of a CFO can't be over stressed in the current world When it comes to administration there are some contrasts in the way the companies are managed. ABM Resources is listed in the Autralian Bourse. Therefore, this is one of the the biggest companies that we have in Australia. As so, the shareholders demand that their shares have the maximum value so that they get profit when they sell.want the value of their shares increased which is also known as wealth maximization.With the size of the firm, it comes with it more complex financial systems hence there is a need to have a more experienced and competent person who knows matters relating to finance management. For this intent and purpose we are going to analyse the role of the head of a financial manager(Ross, Westerfield and Jaffe, 2005). The financial structure of this company demands that there be a chief finance officer who oversees the financial aspect of the company (Guizot, 2007). The CFO is responsible for ensuring that the company does not get into cash flow problems. Hence there are various functions or roles that the chief finance officer in the company is mandated to perform. The shareholders have confidence that their money and other assets are in good hands thanks to the introduction of a chief finance officer position in the organization(Strachman, 2012). The chief finance officer develops and formulates an ideal financing capital formulae or capital structure that suits the company. Capital structure is decided by the chief finance officer on how much debt and equity ratio the company will use (Ainslie, 2002) The CFO should be able to advice the manager on which capital mix the firm ought to use to finance its projects. To do this, it is imperative that the CFO choses the right decisions to accomplishment the goal of the company. The CFO is mandated to advice the companys board on the relevant projects that can increase the companys profitability as well as wealth maximization. The CFO should advice on the (capital spending plan) on the undertaking or tasks or projects for the organization considering the return of each of them;. The chief finance officer should know how to access the funds and also mobilize funds for the projects The CFO, is in charge of managing funds for the organization hence has to know where to get and place the funds. Roles of CFO The CFO is supposed to find the best way to utilize money and other financial assets to grow the company. Allocating of these assets is the second duty of the cfo , he allocates them on projects that are more secure and productive. Furthermore he is involved in budgeting (Strachman, 2012). The income of an organization empowers it to meet its commitments and get the advantages required to accomplish their objectives. The Chief Finance officer assesses the money related options, builds up extra data and as put before, settles on the choices taking into account expected income and the risks connected with these projects chosen (Helbk, Lindest and McLellan, 2010). There are different undertakings relegated to the CFO in bigger organizations such as ABM Resources. As there are many activities in the finance department, some activities are taken up by the treasurer, controller, bookkeeper and the accountant. However, the CFO who is the head of the finance department is mandated to oversee and direct these individuals who work under him. That is the reason it is crucially essential that the administration duties be left to Chief finance officer in an organization to serve for the growth of the business; for an organization with the right projects it can create and get bigger profits (Strachman, 2012). The CFO is responsible for ensuring that the company does not get into cash flow problems. Therefore, these are some of thevarious functions or roles that the chief finance officer in the company is mandated to perform. Since the organization has targets it must develop approaches to utilize its assets. Along these lines, the Chief Finance officers are is responsibl;e for the workers as he works hand in hand with the human resource officer to promote the we;lfare of the workers as the workers who are taken care of are more productive. This is the second role of a or duty of the CFO. Listed companies such as ABM Resources have shares that are available for purchase either through the bourse or through an IPO. The CFO is responsible for setting the price of the share price in case of an initial public offer .The chief finance officer is responsible for making decision on how to finance projects both in the longrun and short run. The CFO is supposed to find the best way to utilize money and other financial assets to grow the company Financing decisions can break or make a company hence the knowledge of a chief finance officer is critical in giving the company to continue being a going concern.. How duty of CFO can affect goal of the organization In companies that are big, for example, ABM Resources, the Chief Finance officer is the person mandated to keep the interest of the stakeholders. He communicates with the thirdparties as well as management. Third parties include the shareholders and the suppliers, the chief financial officer is assures the shareholders that their wealth is safeguarded and will be increased. The main objective of this company is to maximize share value. Another goal of the organization is to minimize cost, the CFO is in charge of making operations that lessen the cost and increases effectiveness and efficacy in the organization accordingly he is critical for ABM Resources and guarantees that the organization acquires little expenses. In the event that the organization need to make a profit this aspect has to be considered in all the projects (McCrary, 2005).That leads to the success of the projects undertaken and ultimately enhance operations within the organization. There is competing needs for the resources that the company has on the projects that are being undertaken by the company. Hence, the chief financial officer is very important to allocate resources to the competing projects. The CFO is continually assessing and evaluating the various projects being undertaken to advice the management and allocate the resources in a good way (McCrary, 2005) He also advices the board on where to reinvest the companys profits. These decisions must be made with a lot consideration on the grounds that if the projects do not have a huge return then this may affect the shareholders wealth and share value (McCrary, 2005) Lastly, The CFO should ensure that all his roles mentioned above , this ensures that the company is steady and balanced (Nelken, 2006). The Chief fund officer ought to take note that his decisions affect the organizational objectives directly. One of the objectives of the company is to increase and grow its market share hence the Chief finance officer is manadated to come up with policies that enable the company take that direction(Project portfolio administration, 2009) . the Chief finance officer ensures that the company is on an upward trajectory by venturing in new arrears where they can find minerals(Read, 2013). Therefore as we can see the Chief finance officer is basically an important member of any company and moreso companies that are listed in the ASX such as ABM resources should ensure that they have a CFO to advice on diffewrent aspects of the finances to the company(Watanabe, 2010). He also is instrumental in making sure that the copmpanys taxes are paid on time to avoid any penalties resulting to late submissions or non payment of taxes that increase the companys tax liabilities (Project portfolio administration, 2009). b. Efficient market hypothesis In share market and trading speculations is how people maje profits. It is known as buying long and selling short. However, what most people do not know is trhat information in the market influences the share price of the company (Ross, Westerfield and Jaffe, 2002). The efficient market hypothesis states that the share price of the equities and stocks is directly influenced by the the information that ius being floated in the market. This theory was formulated by Fama Eugene who was a professor in the university of Chicago. In 1970, the professor developed the hypotheisis further by suggesting that there is a weak market hypothesis, semi strong market hypothesis and lastly the strong market hypothesis. The information alludes to any sort of news that may decide the values cost is irregular ( arbitrary walk ) which is difficult to find ahead of time . The efficient market hypothesis was formulated by Professor Fama of Chicago university. Taking into account the idea of efficient marke ts hypothesis more often than not they are purchased and sold at sensible quality , which makes it hard for forex financial adviser to purchase underprised shares or even offer securities at higher costs , subsequently, it could be hard to beat the business by method for a determination approach activities like specialized examination , and the sole path by which the speculator will have the capacity to get more returns is basically by obtaining activities bearing an expanded level of danger (The standard for portfolio administration, 2013). Beyond , this the market is affected by information both in the present and past (Ross, Westerfield and Jaffe, 2002). Role of a fund manager The primary function of an hedge fund manager is to ensure that he manages wealth of the investors in that fund where the unit holders ought to have the right to get benefit furthermore investors who put their funds in this type of fund looking to enhance their share prices and increase returns (Bodie and Merton, 2000). The other role of a fund manager or director is administrating on the fund and having mix of shares in the portfolio. Different investors incorporate Investment Consulting, evaluation of positions, rights and commitments of the asset, and the risk associated with the portfolio(Ross, Westerfield and Jaffe, 2002). Other roles include Issuing securities, certificates of enrollment of the shares and the estimation of the value of the shares or portfolio. The fund manager also is mandated to speculate on behalf of the investors to increase their wealth and should also give periodical reports on the performance of the (Ross, Westerfield and Jaffe, 2002).The fund manager or administrator likewise Provides Information about strategies on exchanges of assets and gives Information about record the securities .In conclusion, the fund manager should not choose portfolio with a pin since it can use previous information to know the future price of the share (Ross, Westerfield and Jaffe, 2002). References Ainslie, L. (2002). Hedge fund management. Charlottesville, Va.: Association for Investment Management and Research. Barnes, P. (2009). Stock market efficiency, insider dealing and market abuse. Farnham, Surrey, England: Gower. Brealey, R. and Myers, S. (1991). Principles of corporate finance. New York: McGraw-Hill. Guizot, A. (2007). The hedge fund compliance and risk management guide. Hoboken, N.J.: John Wiley Sons. Helbk, M., Lindest, S. and McLellan, B. (2010). Corporate finance. New York: McGraw-Hill. Horwitz, R. (2004). Hedge fund risk fundamentals. Princeton, NJ: Bloomberg Press. Mak, D. (2006). Mathematical techniques in financial market trading. Hackensack, N.J.: World Scientific. McCrary, S. (2005). Hedge fund course. Hoboken, N.J.: J. Wiley. Moles, P. (2011). Corporate finance. Hoboken, N.J.: Wiley. Nelken, I. (2006). Hedge fund investment management. Amsterdam: Elsevier/Butterworth-Heinemann. Read, C. (2013). The efficient market hypothesists. Houndmills, Basingstoke, Hampshire: Palgrave Macmillan. Ross, S., Westerfield, R. and Jaffe, J. (2002). Corporate finance. Boston, Mass.: McGraw-Hill/Irwin. Ross, S., Westerfield, R. and Jaffe, J. (2005). Corporate finance. Boston: McGraw-Hill/Irwin. Shain, R. (2008). Hedge fund due diligence. Hoboken, N.J.: Wiley. Strachman, D. (2012). The fundamentals of hedge fund management. Hoboken, N.J.: John Wiley Sons, Inc. Watanabe, Y. (2010). The recent trend of hedge fund strategies. New York: Nova Science Publishers.

Marilyn Monroe Essay Example For Students

Marilyn Monroe Essay I am not interested in money. I just want to be wonderfulMarilyn Monroe was born Norma Jeane Baker on June 1, 1926. Her mothers name was Gladys Baker Mortensen. Baker being the name of her other two children and Mortensen the name of her last husband who disappeared just months after their marriage in 1924. Although Edward Mortensen was Gladys husband at the time of Normas birth, he was not her father. No one knows for sure who her father was, but it was believed that it was Gladys lover C. Stanley Gifford . At just six months old, Norma Jeane was placed in a foster home because her mother was placed in an insane asylum for her mental breakdowns. In 1935, at age nine, she entered an orphanage and stayed there for two years. On the whole her childhood appears to have been passed in the care of people with comfortable homes and surroundings (Andersen 1994). Her teenage ambition were set on becoming a starlet or pin-up that she saw in magazines. She did not think she has pretty enough face to become a real movie star. She soon learned, however, that she had the figure to make a successful pin-up. She was about fourteen when she began noticing the reactions of the boys at Van Nuys High School to her figure hugging sweaters She was wed to Jimmy Dougherty when she was only sixteen. When Jimmy was sent to war, Norma decided to get a job and got one at the aircraft plant in Los Angeles. When an army photographer, David Conover, from the First Motion Picture Unit came to the factory to take pictures of women doing war work he noticed Norma and her uniqueness and asked her if he could take more pictures of her. She agreed and without knowing it, Norma Jeane Dougherty was on her way (Andersen 1994). All little girls should be told they are pretty, even if they arent.She was pretty all right and graced the covers of thirty-three magazines in 1945. When her husband returned from war in 1946, he found that there was no room for him and his wife divorced him in Reno in June of 1946. That same year she began doing pin-up and cheesecake pictures for covers of magazines. She had a photo session with Andre de Dienes and he asked Norma Jeane to marry him, but she was recently divorced, free, and independent. Nevertheless, he got her on covers of major magazines. Shortly after this, in July 1946, she got a short contract with Twentieth Century-Fox. Then she changed her name to Marilyn Monroe. Marilyn for the musical star Marilyn Miller and Monroe from her mothers maiden name. After six months of acting classes and dance lessons, she was finally told to report for work on a film. This film being The Shocking Miss Pilgrim which was released in 1947. After that, Marilyn played many small and unimportant roles. When Marilyns contract came up for renewal in August 1947, the studio decided they did not want to sign her. It was said that her relationship with seventy-year-old Joseph Schenck, co-founder of T.C.F. had something to do with the studios resigning Marilyn. Schenck also got her an interview with Columbia Pictures and resulted in a six- month contract for Ladies of the Chorus. On the set of this movie, Marilyn met musical director Fred Karger and was said to have had a relationship with him. Columbia also got Monroe an acting coach, Natasha Lytess. After filming, she returned to pin-up and cheesecake modeling. At one point in 1949, she was so short of money she could pay neither her car payment or her rent. She then posed nude in order to earn fifty buc ks and used the money to retrieve her car. .u616746f154bce29e9ecdd5ef2143fe16 , .u616746f154bce29e9ecdd5ef2143fe16 .postImageUrl , .u616746f154bce29e9ecdd5ef2143fe16 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u616746f154bce29e9ecdd5ef2143fe16 , .u616746f154bce29e9ecdd5ef2143fe16:hover , .u616746f154bce29e9ecdd5ef2143fe16:visited , .u616746f154bce29e9ecdd5ef2143fe16:active { border:0!important; } .u616746f154bce29e9ecdd5ef2143fe16 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u616746f154bce29e9ecdd5ef2143fe16 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u616746f154bce29e9ecdd5ef2143fe16:active , .u616746f154bce29e9ecdd5ef2143fe16:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u616746f154bce29e9ecdd5ef2143fe16 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u616746f154bce29e9ecdd5ef2143fe16 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u616746f154bce29e9ecdd5ef2143fe16 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u616746f154bce29e9ecdd5ef2143fe16 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u616746f154bce29e9ecdd5ef2143fe16:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u616746f154bce29e9ecdd5ef2143fe16 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u616746f154bce29e9ecdd5ef2143fe16 .u616746f154bce29e9ecdd5ef2143fe16-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u616746f154bce29e9ecdd5ef2143fe16:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Lujjjs1 EssaySoon after that Marilyn began doing her small roles in many movies. Then she got cast in John Hustons The Asphalt Jungle. She played the niece of a crooked lawyer and began to get a lot of fan mail and although her name was originally omitted from the credits, her name was then inserted. She then starred in All about Eve, her second good film that won six Oscars. Then her agent Johnny Hyde had fallen in love with her. They made an odd couple because he was thirty years older and suffered from a diseased heart. His wife divorced him, citing Marilyn. When the divorce finalized, Hyde asked Marilyn to marry him. She refused, she had told him that she did care for him, but was not in love with him.